====== Instal·lació de CentOS 7 per l'Avance III 400 MHz SB - Part 1 ======
===== ISO d'instal·lació =====
Instal·lo el sistema operatiu CentOS 7.9-2009 de 2021-11-12 a partir de la imatge ISO ''CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso'' descarregada de la [[http://ftp.csuc.cat/centos/7/ | rèplica del magatzem de CentOS al CSUC,]]
# cd /home/miquel/Informatica/CentOS/
# wget http://ftp.csuc.cat/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
--2021-08-18 11:31:58-- http://ftp.csuc.cat/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
Resolving ftp.csuc.cat (ftp.csuc.cat)... 84.88.0.29
Connecting to ftp.csuc.cat (ftp.csuc.cat)|84.88.0.29|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4712300544 (4.4G) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso’
CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso 100%[============================================================>] 4.39G 8.16MB/s in 7m 15s
2021-08-18 11:39:13 (10.3 MB/s) - ‘CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso’ saved [4712300544/4712300544]
i copiada amb ''dd'' a un pendrive USB-3
# dd if=CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso of=/dev/sdg
9203712+0 records in
9203712+0 records out
4712300544 bytes (4.7 GB) copied, 817.294 s, 5.8 MB/s
Malauradament, el primer cop que intento instal·lar CentOS, el programa d'instal·lació dona un error al verificar el pendrive i s'interromp la instal·lació. Per descartar un problema al fitxer ISO descarregat, calculo la signatura SHA-256 del fitxer
c# sha256sum CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
e33d7b1ea7a9e2f38c8f693215dd85254c3a4fe446f93f563279715b68d07987 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
i comprovo que coincideix amb la signatura al fitxer ''sha256sum.txt'' descarregat de la rèplica al CSUC
# cat sha256sum.txt
689531cce9cf484378481ae762fae362791a9be078fda10e4f6977bf8fa71350 CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-2009.iso
b79079ad71cc3c5ceb3561fff348a1b67ee37f71f4cddfec09480d4589c191d6 CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-2009.iso
07b94e6b1a0b0260b94c83d6bb76b26bf7a310dc78d7a9c7432809fb9bc6194a CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso
e33d7b1ea7a9e2f38c8f693215dd85254c3a4fe446f93f563279715b68d07987 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
de forma que l'error es deu haver originat al fer la còpia amb ''dd''. Per evitar que es torni a produir, **instal·lo ''dcfldd'' i ''dc3dd'',**
# apt install dcfldd
# apt install dc3dd
unes versions millorades de ''dd'' que verifiquen que la còpia coincideixi amb l'orignal, i faig servir ''dc3dd'' per fer la còpia sense errors,
# dc3dd if=CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso of=/dev/sdg hash=sha256 hlog=centos-usb-sha256sum.log log=centos-usb.log verb=on
dc3dd 7.2.641 started at 2021-08-18 13:22:24 +0200
compiled options:
command line: dc3dd if=CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso of=/dev/sdg hash=sha256 hlog=centos-usb-sha256sum.log log=centos-usb.log verb=on
sector size: 512 bytes (assumed)
4712300544 bytes ( 4.4 G ) copied ( 100% ), 195 s, 23 M/s
input results for file `CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso':
9203712 sectors in
e33d7b1ea7a9e2f38c8f693215dd85254c3a4fe446f93f563279715b68d07987 (sha256)
output results for device `/dev/sdg':
9203712 sectors out
dc3dd completed at 2021-08-18 13:25:38 +0200
Finalment, repeteixo el procés d'instal·lació a partir del pendrive i aquest cop el programa d'instal·lació del CentOS s'executa sense errors.
==== Enllaços d'interès ====
* [[https://www.google.com/search?q=dcfldd | dcfldd - Cerca de Google]]
* [[https://linux.die.net/man/1/dcfldd | dcfldd(1) - Linux man page]]
* [[https://forensicswiki.xyz/wiki/index.php?title=Dcfldd | dcfldd,]] at Forensics Wiki.
* [[https://linux.die.net/man/1/dc3dd | dc3dd(1) - Linux man page]]
* [[https://tools.kali.org/forensics/dc3dd | dc3dd | Penetration Testing Tools,]] KALI tools.
* [[https://forensicswiki.xyz/wiki/index.php?title=Dc3dd | dc3dd,]] at Forensics Wiki.
* [[https://www.forensics-matters.com/2020/10/20/simple-forensics-imaging-with-dd-dc3dd-dcfldd/ | # Simple Forensics imaging with dd, dc3dd & dcfldd – Forensics Matters]]
===== Magatzems (repositories) addicionals =====
La llista de magatzems actualment configurats és,
# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.csuc.cat
* extras: ftp.csuc.cat
* updates: ftp.csuc.cat
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 10,072
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 498
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 2,567
repolist: 13,137
Cal afegir aquests magatzems addicionals: ''bruker'', ''elrepo'' i ''epel'' per tenir la mateixa configuració que als ordinadors dels Avance Neo o de l'Avance III 600 MHz. Les instruccions per afegir-los estan disponibles als seus llocs web i a altres pàgines d'Internet.
* [[https://repo-bbio.bruker.com/CentOS/7/TopSpinInstallationRequirements.html | CentOS 7 TopSpin Installation]]
* [[http://elrepo.org/tiki/HomePage | "The Community Enterprise Linux Repository" (ELRepo)]]; i
* [[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL | Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL)]]
La instal·lació del magatzem EPEL no dona cap problema:
# yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[...]
Installed:
epel-release.noarch 0:7-13
Complete!
i la instal·lació d'ELRepo tampoc,
# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
# yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
[...]
Installed:
elrepo-release.noarch 0:7.0-5.el7.elrepo
Complete!
Un cop instal·lats, afegeixo el magatzem de Bruker, i instal·lo els paquets necessaris pel TopSpin i per l'adquisició, així com els paquets dels quals depenen,
# yum --nogpgcheck install https://repo-bbio.bruker.com/CentOS/7/Bruker-Addon/bruker-addon-latest.x86_64.rpm
[...]
Installed:
bruker-addon.noarch 0:1.4-0.el7.brk
Complete!
# yum install epel-release
[...]
Package epel-release-7-13.noarch already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
# yum install --enablerepo=bruker bruker-topspin-environ
[...]
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bruker-topspin-environ.x86_64 0:1.0-21.el7.brk will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-75dpi for package: bruker-topspin-environ-1.0-21.el7.brk.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-fonts-75dpi for package: bruker-topspin-environ-1.0-21.el7.brk.x86_64
:
:
---> Package nettle.i686 0:2.7.1-9.el7_9 will be installed
---> Package nettle.x86_64 0:2.7.1-9.el7_9 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
:
:
Install 1 Package (+161 Dependent packages)
Upgrade ( 39 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 157 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for updates
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/ORBit2-2.14.19-13.el7.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for ORBit2-2.14.19-13.el7.i686.rpm is not installed
(1/201): ORBit2-2.14.19-13.el7.i686.rpm | 171 kB 00:00:00
(2/201): PackageKit-gtk3-module-1.1.10-2.el7.centos.i686.rpm | 12 kB 00:00:00
:
:
(200/201): systemd-219-78.el7_9.3.x86_64.rpm | 5.1 MB 00:00:01
(201/201): xorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-75dpi-7.5-9.el7.noarch.rpm | 933 kB 00:00:01
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 9.8 MB/s | 157 MB 00:00:16
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) "
Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
Package : centos-release-7-9.2009.0.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5:
Userid : "Fedora EPEL (7) "
Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5
Package : epel-release-7-13.noarch (@/epel-release-latest-7.noarch)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : libX11-common-1.6.7-3.el7_9.noarch 1/240
Installing : kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.36.2.el7.x86_64 2/240
Installing : libgcc-4.8.5-44.el7.i686 3/240
:
:
Installing : libcanberra-gtk2-0.30-9.el7.i686 200/240
Installing : bruker-topspin-environ-1.0-21.el7.brk.x86_64 201/240
All required 32bit libraries are present
Cleanup : libX11-devel-1.6.7-2.el7.x86_64 202/240
Cleanup : systemd-sysv-219-78.el7.x86_64 203/240
:
:
Cleanup : nss-softokn-freebl-3.44.0-8.el7_7.x86_64 239/240
Cleanup : glibc-2.17-317.el7.x86_64 240/240
Verifying : gnome-vfs2-2.24.4-14.el7.i686 1/240
Verifying : gcc-c++-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64 2/240
:
:
Verifying : gtk3-immodule-xim-3.22.30-5.el7.x86_64 239/240
Verifying : mesa-libEGL-18.3.4-10.el7.x86_64 240/240
Installed:
bruker-topspin-environ.x86_64 0:1.0-21.el7.brk
Dependency Installed:
GConf2.i686 0:3.2.6-8.el7 ORBit2.i686 0:2.14.19-13.el7
PackageKit-glib.i686 0:1.1.10-2.el7.centos PackageKit-gtk3-module.i686 0:1.1.10-2.el7.centos
:
:
xorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-75dpi.noarch 0:7.5-9.el7 xz-libs.i686 0:5.2.2-1.el7
zlib.i686 0:1.2.7-19.el7_9
Dependency Updated:
freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-14.el7_9.1 glib2.x86_64 0:2.56.1-9.el7_9 glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-324.el7_9
glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-324.el7_9 gtk3.x86_64 0:3.22.30-6.el7 gtk3-immodule-xim.x86_64 0:3.22.30-6.el7
libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.7-3.el7_9 libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.7-3.el7_9 libX11-devel.x86_64 0:1.6.7-3.el7_9
libblkid.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.3 libmount.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1
libsmartcols.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 libuuid.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 mesa-libEGL.x86_64 0:18.3.4-12.el7_9
mesa-libGL.x86_64 0:18.3.4-12.el7_9 mesa-libgbm.x86_64 0:18.3.4-12.el7_9 mesa-libglapi.x86_64 0:18.3.4-12.el7_9
nettle.x86_64 0:2.7.1-9.el7_9 nspr.x86_64 0:4.25.0-2.el7_9 nss-softokn-freebl.x86_64 0:3.53.1-6.el7_9
nss-util.x86_64 0:3.53.1-1.el7_9 openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9 openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-21.el7_9
pulseaudio.x86_64 0:10.0-6.el7_9 pulseaudio-libs.x86_64 0:10.0-6.el7_9 pulseaudio-libs-glib2.x86_64 0:10.0-6.el7_9
pulseaudio-module-bluetooth.x86_64 0:10.0-6.el7_9 pulseaudio-module-x11.x86_64 0:10.0-6.el7_9 pulseaudio-utils.x86_64 0:10.0-6.el7_9
qt.x86_64 1:4.8.7-9.el7_9 qt-mysql.x86_64 1:4.8.7-9.el7_9 qt-x11.x86_64 1:4.8.7-9.el7_9
systemd.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.3 systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.3 systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.3
systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.3 util-linux.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 zlib.x86_64 0:1.2.7-19.el7_9
Complete!
El resultat és ara tenim disponibles els mateixos magatzems que a l'ordinador de l'Avance Neo 500 MHz, i un d'extra que potser no cal i que podríem eliminar: "Bruker-Addon-7 - Public Updates (bruker/7)",
# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.csuc.cat
* elrepo: mirrors.coreix.net
* epel: mirror.eixamcoop.cat
* extras: ftp.csuc.cat
* updates: ftp.csuc.cat
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 10,072
bruker/7 Bruker-Addon-7 - Public Updates 110+13
elrepo ELRepo.org Community Enterprise Linux Repository - el7 128
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,634
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 498
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 2,567
repolist: 26,899
===== Desactivar el magatzem Bruker =====
Desactivo el magatzem Bruker per evitar problemes. Per fer-ho edito el fitxer de configuració del magatzem amb la comanda ''nano -c /etc/yum.repos.d/Bruker-Addon.repo'' i canvio la línia "enabled=1" a "enabled=0" i comprovo que ja no surt al llistat de magatzem activats:
# yum repolist enabled
[..]
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 10,072
elrepo ELRepo.org Community Enterprise Linux Repository - el7 111+12
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,625
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 498
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 2,552
repolist: 26,858
===== Actualització del programari instal·lat =====
Després d'afegir els nous magatzems, actualitzo el programari instal·lat,
# yum check-update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink | 22 kB 00:00:00
* base: ftp.csuc.cat
* elrepo: ftp.nluug.nl
* epel: mirror.eixamcoop.cat
* extras: ftp.csuc.cat
* updates: ftp.csuc.cat
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
bruker | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
elrepo | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(2/3): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 9.6 MB 00:00:01
(3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:04
NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 updates
NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 updates
NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 updates
NetworkManager-glib.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 updates
NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 updates
NetworkManager-ppp.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 updates
:
:
xorg-x11-drv-ati.x86_64 19.0.1-3.el7_7 updates
xorg-x11-server-Xorg.x86_64 1.20.4-16.el7_9 updates
xorg-x11-server-common.x86_64 1.20.4-16.el7_9 updates
xterm.x86_64 295-3.el7_9.1 updates
Obsoleting Packages
bruker-system-environ.noarch 1.0-5.el7.brk bruker
okular.x86_64
# yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.csuc.cat
* elrepo: mirrors.coreix.net
* epel: mirror.eixamcoop.cat
* extras: ftp.csuc.cat
* updates: ftp.csuc.cat
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.18.8-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64 1:1.18.8-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64 1:1.18.8-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 will be an update
:
:
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libzip.x86_64 0:0.10.1-8.el7 will be installed
base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 7.2 MB 00:00:00
bruker/7/filelists_db | 26 kB 00:00:00
elrepo/filelists_db | 35 kB 00:00:00
epel/x86_64/filelists_db | 12 MB 00:00:01
extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 235 kB 00:00:00
updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 5.5 MB 00:00:00
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=========================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=========================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
bruker-system-environ noarch 1.0-5.el7.brk bruker 11 k
replacing okular.x86_64 4.10.5-9.el7
kernel x86_64 3.10.0-1160.36.2.el7 updates 50 M
Updating:
NetworkManager x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 updates 1.9 M
:
:
xorg-x11-server-Xvfb x86_64 1.20.4-16.el7_9 updates 856 k
xorg-x11-xbitmaps noarch 1.1.1-6.el7 base 37 k
yumex noarch 3.0.17-1.el7 epel 444 k
Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+76 Dependent packages)
Upgrade 228 Packages
Total download size: 602 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for updates
(1/306): NetworkManager-adsl-1.18.8-2.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 163 kB 00:00:00
(2/306): NetworkManager-1.18.8-2.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 1.9 MB 00:00:00
(3/306): NetworkManager-bluetooth-1.18.8-2.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:00:00
:
:
(304/306): xorg-x11-server-Xvfb-1.20.4-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 856 kB 00:00:00
(305/306): xterm-295-3.el7_9.1.x86_64.rpm | 456 kB 00:00:00
(306/306): yumex-3.0.17-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 444 kB 00:00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 11 MB/s | 602 MB 00:00:55
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : coreutils-8.22-24.el7_9.2.x86_64 1/535
Installing : kdesdk-common-4.10.5-8.el7.noarch 2/535
Updating : libldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64 3/535
Updating : python-libs-2.7.5-90.el7.x86_64 4/535
:
:
Updating : bpftool-3.10.0-1160.36.2.el7.x86_64 305/535
Updating : iwl4965-firmware-228.61.2.24-80.el7_9.noarch 306/535
Cleanup : samba-client-4.10.16-5.el7.x86_64 307/535
Cleanup : ipa-client-4.6.8-5.el7.centos.x86_64 308/535
:
:
Cleanup : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 534/535
Cleanup : bpftool-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 535/535
Verifying : 1:NetworkManager-tui-1.18.8-2.el7_9.x86_64 1/535
Verifying : 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.170-6.el7_9.5.x86_64 2/535
:
:
Verifying : libstoragemgmt-1.8.1-1.el7.x86_64 534/535
Verifying : gnome-settings-daemon-3.28.1-8.el7.x86_64 535/535
Installed:
bruker-system-environ.noarch 0:1.0-5.el7.brk kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.36.2.el7
Dependency Installed:
ImageMagick.x86_64 0:6.9.10.68-5.el7_9 SDL.x86_64 0:1.2.15-17.el7 Xaw3d.x86_64 0:1.6.2-4.el7 advancecomp.x86_64 0:1.15-22.el7
apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-7.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-72.el7 evince.x86_64 0:3.28.2-10.el7
:
:
vim-minimal.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 wpa_supplicant.x86_64 1:2.6-12.el7_9.2 xorg-x11-drv-ati.x86_64 0:19.0.1-3.el7_7
xorg-x11-server-Xorg.x86_64 0:1.20.4-16.el7_9 xorg-x11-server-common.x86_64 0:1.20.4-16.el7_9 xterm.x86_64 0:295-3.el7_9.1
Replaced:
okular.x86_64 0:4.10.5-9.el7
Complete!